OD(1) BSD General Commands Manual OD(1)

NAME

od — octal, decimal, hex, ASCII dump

SYNOPSIS

od [−aBbcDdeFfHhIiLlOosvXx] [−A base] [−j skip] [−N length] [−t type] [

[+]offset[.][Bb] ] [file ...]

DESCRIPTION

The od utility is a filter which displays the specified files, or standard input if no files are specified, in a user specified format.

The options are as follows:

−A base

Specify the input address base. base may be one of d, o, x or n, which specify decimal, octal, hexadecimal addresses or no address, respectively.

−a

Output named characters. Equivalent to −t a.

−B, −o

Output octal shorts. Equivalent to −t o2.

−b

Output octal bytes. Equivalent to −t o1.

−c

Output C-style escaped characters. Equivalent to −t c.

−D

Output unsigned decimal ints. Equivalent to −t u4.

−e, −F

Output double-precision floating point numbers. Equivalent to −t fD.

−f

Output single-precision floating point numbers. Equivalent to −t fF.

−H, −X

Output hexadecimal ints. Equivalent to −t x4.

−h, −x

Output hexadecimal shorts. Equivalent to −t x2.

−I, −L, −l

Output signed decimal longs. Equivalent to −t dL.

−i

Output signed decimal ints. Equivalent to −t dI.

−j skip

Skip skip bytes of the combined input before dumping. The number may be followed by one of b, k or m which specify the units of the number as blocks (512 bytes), kilobytes and megabytes, respectively.

−N length

Dump at most length bytes of input.

−O

Output octal ints. Equivalent to −t o4.

−s

Output signed decimal shorts. Equivalent to −t d2.

−t type

Specify the output format. type is a string containing one or more of the following kinds of type specifiers:

Named characters (ASCII). Control characters are displayed using the following names:

000 NUL 001 SOH 002 STX 003 ETX 004 EOT 005 ENQ
006 ACK 007 BEL 008 BS 009 HT 00a NL 00b VT
00c FF 00d CR 00e SO 00f SI 010 DLE 011 DC1
012 DC2 013 DC3 014 DC4 015 NAK 016 SYN 017 ETB
018 CAN 019 EM 01a SUB 01b ESC 01c FS 01d GS
01e RS 01f US 020 SP 0ff DEL

Characters in the default character set. Non-printing characters are represented as 3-digit octal character codes, except the following characters, which are represented as C escapes:

NUL

alert

backspace

newline

carriage-return

tab

vertical tab

Multi-byte characters are displayed in the area corresponding to the first byte of the character. The remaining bytes are shown as ‘**’.

[d|o|u|x][C|S|I|L|n]

Signed decimal (d), octal (o), unsigned decimal (u) or hexadecimal (x). Followed by an optional size specifier, which may be either C (char), S (short), I (int), L (long), or a byte count as a decimal integer.

f[F|D|L|n]

Floating-point number. Followed by an optional size specifier, which may be either F (float), D (double) or L (long double).

−v

Write all input data, instead of replacing lines of duplicate values with a ‘*’.

Multiple options that specify output format may be used; the output will contain one line for each format.

If no output format is specified, −t oS is assumed.

ENVIRONMENT

The LANG, LC_ALL and LC_CTYPE environment variables affect the execution of od as described in environ(7).

DIAGNOSTICS

The od utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

COMPATIBILITY

The traditional −s option to extract string constants is not supported; consider using strings(1) instead.

SEE ALSO

hexdump(1), strings(1)

STANDARDS

The od utility conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (‘‘POSIX.1’’).

HISTORY

An od command appeared in Version 1 AT&T UNIX.

odmigrationtool(1) BSD General Commands Manual odmigrationtool(1)

NAME

odmigrationtool — Open Directory Migration Tool.

SYNOPSIS

od [−source volume] [−target volume]

DESCRIPTION

Use for system migration of Open Directory settings.

−source

source volume or path to migrate from.

−target

destination volume or path to mirage to.

EXAMPLES

odmigrationtool -source ’/Volumes/Macintosh HD/Previous System/’ -target

odutil(1) BSD General Commands Manual odutil(1)

’/Volumes/Macintosh HD’

NAME

odutil — allows caller to examine or change state of opendirectoryd(8)

SYNOPSIS

DESCRIPTION

Use od to look at internal state information for opendirectoryd, enable or disable logging, or change statistics settings.

Available commands:

show

Show various internal information. Subcommands:

cache

Outputs contents of the cache. Note, this output is not included in show all command.

sessions

List all open sessions

nodes

List all open nodes

modules

List all loaded modules

requests

List all active requests

statistics

Outputs statistics information. Some statistics are always enabled (membership). Additional statistics can be enabled see ’set statistics on’.

nodenames

List all available node names

all

List all of the above information (excludes cache)

show configuration nodename

Show configuration of a specific node, Subcommands:

module modulename

Specific module is requested, otherwise global options

option option

Output a value of a specific option.

reset

Reset various internal information. Subcommands:

cache

Resets all caches including membership and kernel (does not affect DNS cache)

statistics

Resets any accumulated statistics.

set log

Changes logging level. Levels are lowest to highest. This state is persistent across reboots and must be changed to a new level or ’default’.

alert

Enables logging of messages of alert level or lower

critical

Enables logging of messages of critical level

error | default

Enables logging of messages of error level or lower (default value)

warning

Enables logging of messages of warning level

notice

Enables logging of messages of notice level or lower

info

Enables logging of messages of info level or lower

debug

Enables logging of messages of debug level or lower

set configuration nodename

Sets either global or per-module options accordingly.

module modulename

If module is omitted, then global option is assumed.

option option value1 ...

Set a specific option to one or more values as appropriate.

set statistics

Enables or disables extended statistics. Statistics include per-process-name call statistics and per-API call and latencies. This setting is persistent across reboots and should not normally be run as it is memory intensive.

Enables statistics tracking

off

Disables statistics tracking

SEE ALSO

OD_USER_HOMES(8) BSD System Manager’s Manual OD_USER_HOMES(8)

opendirectoryd(8)

NAME

od_user_homes — executable map program for auto_home records synthesized from user records

SYNOPSIS

/usr/libexec/od_user_homes [username]

DESCRIPTION

od is a program that takes a user name specified by username and, if there’s a user record for that user in Open Directory, and that user record contains a HomeDirectory attribute, and the <path> portion of the HomeDirectory attribute is empty or just /, prints the URL from that attribute, and exits with an exit status of 0. If there is no user record for that user, or the user record doesn’t contain a HomeDirectory attribute, or the <path> portion is neither empty nor just /, or if an error occurs, nothing is printed, and od exits with a user status of 1. This is intended to be used as an executable map for auto_home.

SEE ALSO

ODPROXYD(8) BSD System Manager’s Manual ODPROXYD(8)

auto_master(5), automountd(8)

NAME

odproxyd — OpenDirectory proxy daemon

SYNOPSIS

od [−-version]

DESCRIPTION

The od launchd(8) job maintains incoming proxy connections to the local opendirectoryd(8) daemon. It should not be run manually.

SEE ALSO

odutil(1), opendirectory(8)

BSD December 21, 2009 BSD