I wanted to install Ncat on a CentOS Linux system to test firewall rules. I intended to run Ncat on a Windows system behind the firewall to listen for UDP connections while using Ncat on the Linux system outside the firewall to send data to the Windows system through the firewall. I downloaded the Windows version of Nmap, which also provides the command line Ncat tool. I had no problems installing and running it on the Windows system. However, when I downloaded the Linux RPM for Ncat from the Nmap site and tried to install it, I encountered problems.
# rpm --install ncat-4.85BETA7-1.x86_64.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7)(64bit) is needed by ncat-4.85BETA7-1.x86_64Yet, when I checked the system for the presence of libc.so.6,
I found it was present.
# locate libc.so /lib/libc.so.6 /lib/i686/nosegneg/libc.so.6 /lib64/libc.so.6 /usr/lib/libc.so /usr/lib/i386-redhat-linux4E/lib/libc.so /usr/lib/x86_64-redhat-linux4E/lib64/libc.so /usr/lib64/libc.so
I checked to see what package provided the file.
# rpm -qf /lib/libc.so.6 glibc-2.5-24 # rpm -qf /lib64/libc.so.6 glibc-2.5-24
When I checked the package, there appeared to be two glibc-2.5-24 packages
present, since when I ran the command rpm -qi glibc-2.5-24,
I saw the package listed twice, but with different sizes
# rpm -qi glibc-2.5-24 Name : glibc Relocations: (not relocatable) Version : 2.5 Vendor: CentOS Release : 24 Build Date: Fri 23 May 2008 10:40:42 PM EDT Install Date: Tue 29 Jul 2008 10:03:15 AM EDT Build Host: builder15.centos.org Group : System Environment/Libraries Source RPM: glibc-2.5-24.src.rpm Size : 11590290 License: LGPL Signature : DSA/SHA1, Sun 15 Jun 2008 09:51:20 AM EDT, Key ID a8a447dce8562897 Summary : The GNU libc libraries. Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a Linux system will not function. Name : glibc Relocations: (not relocatable) Version : 2.5 Vendor: CentOS Release : 24 Build Date: Fri 23 May 2008 11:12:28 PM EDT Install Date: Tue 29 Jul 2008 10:03:26 AM EDT Build Host: builder15.centos.org Group : System Environment/Libraries Source RPM: glibc-2.5-24.src.rpm Size : 12579066 License: LGPL Signature : DSA/SHA1, Sun 15 Jun 2008 09:51:20 AM EDT, Key ID a8a447dce8562897 Summary : The GNU libc libraries. Description : The glibc package contains standard libraries which are used by multiple programs on the system. In order to save disk space and memory, as well as to make upgrading easier, common system code is kept in one place and shared between programs. This particular package contains the most important sets of shared libraries: the standard C library and the standard math library. Without these two libraries, a Linux system will not function.
I tried updating the package.
# yum upgrade glibc Loading "priorities" plugin Loading "fastestmirror" plugin Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * rpmforge: fr2.rpmfind.net * base: mirror.anl.gov * updates: ftp.lug.udel.edu * addons: centos.aol.com * extras: ftp.lug.udel.edu 338 packages excluded due to repository priority protections Setting up Upgrade Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package glibc.i686 0:2.5-34 set to be updated --> Processing Dependency: glibc-common = 2.5-34 for package: glibc --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-24 for package: glibc-devel --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-24 for package: glibc-devel --> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.5-24 for package: glibc-headers ---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.5-34 set to be updated --> Running transaction check ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.5-34 set to be updated ---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.5-34 set to be updated ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-34 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Updating: glibc x86_64 2.5-34 base 4.7 M glibc i686 2.5-34 base 5.2 M glibc-common x86_64 2.5-34 base 16 M Updating for dependencies: glibc-devel x86_64 2.5-34 base 2.4 M glibc-headers x86_64 2.5-34 base 589 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 0 Package(s) Update 5 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 29 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/5): glibc-devel-2.5-34 100% |=========================| 2.4 MB 00:04 (2/5): glibc-common-2.5-3 100% |=========================| 16 MB 00:32 (3/5): glibc-headers-2.5- 100% |=========================| 589 kB 00:01 (4/5): glibc-2.5-34.i686. 100% |=========================| 5.2 MB 00:09 (5/5): glibc-2.5-34.x86_6 100% |=========================| 4.7 MB 00:08 Running rpm_check_debug ERROR with rpm_check_debug vs depsolve: Package glibc-devel needs glibc = 2.5-24, this is not available. Package glibc-devel needs glibc = 2.5-24, this is not available. Package glibc-devel needs glibc-headers = 2.5-24, this is not available. Package glibc-devel needs glibc-headers = 2.5-24, this is not available. Complete!
When I ran rpm -qi glib afterwards, I saw version 2.5-24 still
listed. I tried yum update glibc as well, though I didn't
expect the results to be different; they weren't. I then checked for
glibc files in the yum cache. There appeared to be both 32-bit and 64-bit
versions present.
# ls /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc* /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-2.5-24.i686.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-2.5-24.x86_64.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-2.5-34.i686.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-2.5-34.x86_64.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-common-2.5-24.x86_64.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-common-2.5-34.x86_64.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-devel-2.5-24.i386.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-devel-2.5-24.x86_64.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-devel-2.5-34.x86_64.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-headers-2.5-24.x86_64.rpm /var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc-headers-2.5-34.x86_64.rpm
I removed all of them from the yum cache with rm -f
/var/cache/yum/base/packages/glibc*. When I tried
yum update glibc again, however, the results
were the same.
I checked the arch of the installed glibc packages.
# rpm -qa --qf '%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n'|grep glibc
glibc-devel-2.5-24.x86_64
compat-glibc-headers-2.3.4-2.26.x86_64
compat-glibc-2.3.4-2.26.i386
glibc-devel-2.5-24.i386
compat-glibc-2.3.4-2.26.x86_64
glibc-2.5-24.x86_64
glibc-2.5-24.i686
glibc-common-2.5-24.x86_64
glibc-headers-2.5-24.x86_64I did have 32-bit and 64-bit versions installed. I decided to try
listing all of the glibc packages for the yum update command.
That worked much better.
# yum update glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers Loading "priorities" plugin Loading "fastestmirror" plugin Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * rpmforge: fr2.rpmfind.net * base: mirrors.rit.edu * updates: ftp.lug.udel.edu * addons: ftp.lug.udel.edu * extras: ftp.lug.udel.edu 338 packages excluded due to repository priority protections Setting up Update Process Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.5-34 set to be updated ---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.5-34 set to be updated ---> Package glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-34 set to be updated ---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.5-34 set to be updated ---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-34 set to be updated ---> Package glibc.i686 0:2.5-34 set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Updating: glibc x86_64 2.5-34 base 4.7 M glibc i686 2.5-34 base 5.2 M glibc-common x86_64 2.5-34 base 16 M glibc-devel i386 2.5-34 base 2.0 M glibc-devel x86_64 2.5-34 base 2.4 M glibc-headers x86_64 2.5-34 base 589 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 0 Package(s) Update 6 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 31 M Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/1): glibc-devel-2.5-34 100% |=========================| 2.0 MB 00:03 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Updating : glibc-common ####################### [ 1/12] Updating : glibc ####################### [ 2/12] Updating : glibc ####################### [ 3/12] warning: /etc/ld.so.conf created as /etc/ld.so.conf.rpmnew warning: /etc/localtime created as /etc/localtime.rpmnew warning: /etc/nsswitch.conf created as /etc/nsswitch.conf.rpmnew Updating : glibc-headers ####################### [ 4/12] Updating : glibc-devel ####################### [ 5/12] Updating : glibc-devel ####################### [ 6/12] Cleanup : glibc ####################### [ 7/12] Cleanup : glibc-headers ####################### [ 8/12] Cleanup : glibc-devel ####################### [ 9/12] Cleanup : glibc-common ####################### [10/12] Cleanup : glibc-devel ####################### [11/12] Cleanup : glibc ####################### [12/12] Updated: glibc.x86_64 0:2.5-34 glibc.i686 0:2.5-34 glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.5-34 glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-34 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.5-34 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.5-34 Complete!
I then checked the architecture for the installed packages again:
# rpm -qa --qf '%{name}-%{version}-%{release}.%{arch}\n'|grep glibc
glibc-devel-2.5-34.i386
glibc-2.5-34.x86_64
compat-glibc-headers-2.3.4-2.26.x86_64
compat-glibc-2.3.4-2.26.i386
glibc-headers-2.5-34.x86_64
glibc-common-2.5-34.x86_64
compat-glibc-2.3.4-2.26.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.5-34.x86_64
glibc-2.5-34.i686But when I tried to install ncat again, I got the same error as before.
# rpm --install ncat-4.85BETA7-1.x86_64.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7)(64bit) is needed by ncat-4.85BETA7-1.x86_64When I checked on what was required for the ncat package,
I saw the following:
# rpm --requires -qp ncat-4.85BETA7-1.x86_64.rpm libc.so.6()(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2.5)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3.4)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.4)(64bit) libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7)(64bit) rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1 rtld(GNU_HASH)
I then tried installing the 32-bit version of ncat, but that
attempt failed as well.
# rpm --install ncat-4.85BETA7-1.i386.rpm
error: Failed dependencies:
libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7) is needed by ncat-4.85BETA7-1.i386Since I had already expended far more time than I anticipated in trying
to install netcat, I decided to try an alternative program with
similar capabilities,
socat, instead. I didn't have any problems installing it.
# yum install socat Loading "priorities" plugin Loading "fastestmirror" plugin Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * rpmforge: fr2.rpmfind.net * base: mirrors.rit.edu * updates: ftp.lug.udel.edu * addons: centos.aol.com * extras: ftp.lug.udel.edu 338 packages excluded due to repository priority protections Setting up Install Process Parsing package install arguments Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package socat.x86_64 0:1.7.1.0-1.el5.rf set to be updated --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================= Installing: socat x86_64 1.7.1.0-1.el5.rf rpmforge 398 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================= Install 1 Package(s) Update 0 Package(s) Remove 0 Package(s) Total download size: 398 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: (1/1): socat-1.7.1.0-1.el 100% |=========================| 398 kB 00:01 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing: socat ######################### [1/1] Installed: socat.x86_64 0:1.7.1.0-1.el5.rf Complete!
References:
