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If you need to
rip a CD
from a command-line interface (CLI) on a
CentOS Linux
system,
cdparanoia will allow you to do so. The cdparanoia
CD ripper
program will allow you to produce Waveform Audio File Format, i.e., .WAV, files
from the tracks on a CD. You can use the
yum package management software to install the software
with by issuing the command yum install cdparanoia from the
root account.
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Sometimes you may find that a software package that you would like to use on a CentOS Linux system is unavailable from the default software repositories, aka "repos." In such cases adding alternative repos, such as Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) or RPM Fusion may allow you to locate the desired package. E.g., the VLC media player is available in the RPM Fusion repository, but not the default ones nor in EPEL. RPM Fusion has two separate software repositories, one that contains free and open-source software (FOSS) and another named "nonfree". Packages in the "nonfree" repository still won't cost you anything, but there may be restrictions on the use of the software, e.g., you may be forbidden from using the software for commercial use. The RPM Fusion site defines the nonfree repo as being 'for redistributable software that is not Open Source Software (as defined by the Fedora Licensing Guidelines); this includes software with publicly available source-code that has "no commercial use"-like restrictions.'
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If you wish to check the speed of network interfaces on a CentOS Linux system, if the nm-tool utility, is installed, then you can use it to determine the speed of the network ports.
$ nm-tool
NetworkManager Tool
State: disconnected
- Device: em1 ------------------------------------------------------------------
Type: Wired
Driver: bnx2
State: unmanaged
Default: no
HW Address: D4:AE:52:CD:0A:D4
Capabilities:
Carrier Detect: yes
Speed: 1000 Mb/s
Wired Properties
Carrier: on
- Device: em2 ------------------------------------------------------------------
Type: Wired
Driver: bnx2
State: unmanaged
Default: no
HW Address: D4:AE:52:CD:0A:D5
Capabilities:
Carrier Detect: yes
Wired Properties
Carrier: off
$If it is installed, the nm-tool program will likely be in /usr/bin
. It is part of the NetworkManager package.
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If you are logged into a CentOS Linux system, there are a few ways you can determine the version of CentOS running on the system from a command-line interface (CLI), i.e., a shell prompt.
In the /etc directory, there should be a
/etc/centos-release file containing information on the version
of CentOS.
$ ls -l /etc/*elease -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 27 Mar 28 2017 /etc/centos-release -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 152 Nov 25 2013 /etc/lsb-release lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Apr 20 2017 /etc/redhat-release -> centos-release lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Apr 20 2017 /etc/system-release -> centos-release $ cat /etc/*elease CentOS release 6.9 (Final) LSB_VERSION=base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphi cs-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch CentOS release 6.9 (Final) CentOS release 6.9 (Final) $
To just see the version number, you can use one of the grep commands below.
$ grep -oE '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/redhat-release 6.9 $ grep -oE '[0-9]+\.[0-9]+' /etc/centos-release 6.9 $
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I needed to determine which packages were recently installed on a
CentOS
7 system where
yum is used to install packages. The command
rpm -qa --last will list all packages that have been installed
in chronological order with the most recently installed packages listed
first, since the --last option orders the package listing by
install time such that the latest packages are at the top. E.g.:
# rpm -qa --last amarok-utils-2.8.0-19.el7.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:02:34 PM EDT amarok-libs-2.8.0-19.el7.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:02:34 PM EDT amarok-2.8.0-19.el7.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:02:31 PM EDT taglib-extras-1.0.1-8.el7.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:02:17 PM EDT mariadb-embedded-5.5.50-1.el7_2.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:02:17 PM EDT qjson-0.8.1-4.el7.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:02:15 PM EDT kdelibs-webkit-4.14.8-1.el7.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:02:14 PM EDT qtscriptbindings-0.2.0-5.el7.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:02:13 PM EDT qtwebkit-2.3.4-6.el7.x86_64 Fri 12 Aug 2016 09:01:57 PM EDT alpine-2.20-2.el7.x86_64 Mon 08 Aug 2016 10:13:54 PM EDT fuse-sshfs-2.5-1.el7.x86_64 Mon 08 Aug 2016 09:28:26 PM EDT gpg-pubkey-352c64e5-52ae6884 Mon 08 Aug 2016 09:27:13 PM EDT epel-release-7-6.noarch Mon 08 Aug 2016 09:12:51 PM EDT lynx-2.8.8-0.3.dev15.el7.x86_64 Fri 05 Aug 2016 10:28:17 PM EDT telnet-0.17-59.el7.x86_64 Sat 30 Jul 2016 04:34:17 PM EDT thunderbird-45.2-1.el7.centos.x86_64 Sat 30 Jul 2016 04:10:55 PM EDT mutt-1.5.21-26.el7.x86_64 Sat 30 Jul 2016 03:50:58 PM EDT <text snipped> gnu-free-fonts-common-20120503-8.el7.noarch Fri 15 Jul 2016 03:10:39 PM EDT dejavu-fonts-common-2.33-6.el7.noarch Fri 15 Jul 2016 03:10:39 PM EDT libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 Fri 15 Jul 2016 03:10:38 PM EDT fontpackages-filesystem-1.44-8.el7.noarch Fri 15 Jul 2016 03:10:38 PM EDT control-center-filesystem-3.14.5-8.el7.x86_64 Fri 15 Jul 2016 03:10:38 PM EDT #
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I needed to convert a rar file to a zip file on a CentOS 7 Linux system. But when I tried installing an unrar package with yum, the package manager on the system, I found none was available from any of the software repositories the system was configured to check for packages.
# yum install unrar Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: centos.firehosted.com * epel: mirror.us.leaseweb.net * extras: centos.aol.com * updates: mirror.umd.edu No package unrar available. Error: Nothing to do # yum install rar Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: centos.firehosted.com * epel: mirror.us.leaseweb.net * extras: centos.aol.com * updates: mirror.umd.edu No package rar available. Error: Nothing to do #
I had previously installed support for the Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux (EPEL) repository, but though I thought the unrar package might be found there, it wasn't found. I did find an RPM file for the software, howerver, at RPM CentOS 7 unrar 5.0.12 x86_64 rpm. I downloaded that file with wget and, since yum can be used to install RPM files, installed it with yum.
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# dmesg | egrep -i 'cdrom|dvd|cd/rw|writer' [ 1.571327] ata1.00: ATAPI: TSSTcorpCD/DVDW SH-S182M, SB02, max UDMA/33 [ 1.598476] scsi 0:0:0:0: CD-ROM TSSTcorp CD/DVDW SH-S182M SB02 PQ: 0 ANSI: 5 [ 1.635809] sr 0:0:0:0: [sr0] scsi3-mmc drive: 48x/48x writer dvd-ram cd/rw xa/form2 cdda tray [ 1.635819] cdrom: Uniform CD-ROM driver Revision: 3.20 #
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eject --trayclose or -t. You can
use -T or --traytoggle to open the drive,
if it is closed or close it, if it is open.
If you specify the -n or
--noop option, information on the device will be shown, but no
action is taken.
$ eject -n eject: device is `/dev/sr0'
You can use eject --default to see the default name for the
device.
$ eject --default eject: default device: `/dev/cdrom'
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183.3.202.183
183.3.202.184
When I checked for whether others had noted hostile activity from those IP addresses at the Internet Storm Center, I found that others had reported such activity from the two IP addresses starting on March 30, 2016 and continuing through today.
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