You can grant a user sudo privilege by issuing the command sudo usermod -aG sudo username from an account that already has the capability to run the sudo command.

jack@firefly:~$ sudo usermod -aG sudo mary
[sudo: authenticate] Password:
jack@firefly:~$

You can remove a user's account from the list of those allowed to run the command using the gpasswd command, which is part of the sysutils package, by issuing the command sudo gpasswd -d username sudo.

jack@firefly:~$ sudo gpasswd -d mary sudo
Removing user mary from group sudo
jack@firefly:~$ groups mary | grep -c sudo
0
jack@firefly:~$

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Python Code:

from datetime import date

# Get today's date as a date object
today = date.today()

# Format the date into a string variable in YYMMDD format
# %y gives the two-digit year, %m gives the zero-padded month, and %d gives the # zero-padded day formatted_date_string = today.strftime("%y%m%d")

# Print the result (optional, for verification)
print(f"Today's date in YYMMDD format: {formatted_date_string}")

Steps:

• from datetime import date: This line imports the date class from the built-in datetime module, which is necessary to work with dates in Python.
• today = date.today(): This uses the today() method to get the current local date as a date object.
• today.strftime("%y%m%d"): The strftime() method is then applied to the today object to format it into a string. The format string uses specific directives:
  • %y: Represents the year without the century (e.g., 26 for 2026).
  • %m: Represents the month as a zero-padded decimal number (e.g., 02 for February).
  • %d: Represents the day of the month as a zero-padded decimal number (e.g., 15 for the 15th).

The resulting string, stored in formatted_date_string, will look like 260215 (for February 15, 2026)

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OpenSSH Server for Windows 10 requires at least Windows 10 (build 1809). You can determine the build number for Windows 10 by typing winver in the Windows "Type here to search" field at the bottom of the screen or at a PowerShell prompt. Or you can use the systeminfo utility and pipe it's output into the findstr command, filtering on the line that has "OS" at the beginning of the line and also "Version" in the line.

PS C:\> systeminfo | findstr -B "OS" | findstr "Version"
OS Version:                10.0.19045 N/A Build 19045
PS C:\>

The SSH Client software may already be installed. You can determine if it is already installed by opening a PowerShell prompt and typing ssh. If it is installed, as it was on the Windows 10 Professional Version 22H2 (OS Build 19045.6466) system on which I wanted to set up the OpenSSH Server software, you will see a response like the following one:

PS C:\> ssh
usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface] [-b bind_address]
           [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file]
           [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]
           [-J destination] [-L address] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]
           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-P tag] [-p port] [-Q query_option]
           [-R address] [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port] [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]]
           destination [command [argument ...]]
PS C:\>

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You can check the health of a NVM Express (NVMe) drive on an Ubuntu Linux system using the nvme-cli command-line interface (CLI) application. The description for the package is as follows:

NVMe management command line interface

nvme-cli is a NVMe management command line interface. NVM Express™ (NVMe™) is a specification defining how host software communicates with non-volatile memory across a PCI Express® (PCIe®) bus. It is the industry standard for PCIe solid state drives (SSDs) in all form factors (U.2, M.2, AIC, EDSFF).

You can install nvme-cli throught the App Center on a Ubuntu Linux system.

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https://ytdown.to/en2/
https://v6.www-y2mate.com/

Since I had WinPython, a free and open-source version of the Python programming language installed on a Windows laptop and she is using a Windows 11 system at the moment, though she wants to switch to Linux, I decided to try the yt-dlp Python program that allows one to download YouTube videos from a command-line interface (CLI).

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dnl # The following example makes mail from this host and any additional
dnl # specified domains appear to be sent from mydomain.com
dnl #
dnl MASQUERADE_AS(`mydomain.com')dnl
dnl #
dnl # masquerade not just the headers, but the envelope as well
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl
dnl #
dnl # masquerade not just @mydomainalias.com, but @*.mydomainalias.com as well
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(masquerade_entire_domain)dnl
dnl #
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost.localdomain)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomainalias.com)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomain.lan)dnl
MAILER(smtp)dnl
MAILER(procmail)dnl
dnl MAILER(cyrusv2)dnl
MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(`verizon.net')dnl
MASQUERADE_AS(`moonpoint.com')dnl

After I edited the sendmail.mc file, I rebuilt the sendmail.cf file by restarting sendmail with the command service sendmail restart , which put the following line in sendmail.cf:

C{M}verizon.net

The person who was sending the newsletter died several years ago and I took over maintaining the membership list for the organization as well as distributing the email version of the newsletters to members. Though the account from which the newsletter is sent is intended to be used only for sending the newsletter and members are advised to send an email related to the organization to the organization's Gmail email addresses, occasionally members will reply directly to the "from" address used for the newsletter. When checking the account for that address, I found that someone with a verizon.net address had sent a reply to the account, but if I replied my reply would go not to his verizon.net address, but to his email name followed by my domain name, which would result in the email bouncing since that address would not be a valid address on my server. I corrected the problem by removing the two MASQUERADE lines in sendmail.mc that resulted in the change to the domain name part of email addresses if any email came from a verizon.net address and then restarted sendmail, which resulted in the C{M}verizon.net line being removed from sendmail.cf.

The sendmail.mc file is a human-readable macro configuration file, while the sendmail.cf file is the more complex configuration file actually used by the Sendmail message transfer agent (MTA). The .mc file serves as the source, which is processed by the m4 macro to generate the final, often uncommented sendmail.cf file used by sendmail. The command m4 /etc/mail/sendmail.mc > /etc/mail/sendmail.cf can be used to rebuild the .cf configuration file after one makes changes to the sendmail.mc file, but the changes won't take effect until sendmail is restarted. Or, on many newer versions of the Linux operating system, one can simply restart sendmail and a new .cf file will be automatically generated and applied to sendmail, if any changes have been made to the .mc file

References:

1. 18.4. The sendmail.cf and sendmail.mc Files
   Linux Network Administrators Guide

Related articles:

1. Modifying the "from" domain of a message with sendmail
   Date: June 1, 2018

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I installed Calibre 8.8.0 on a Ubuntu Linux system through the Ubuntu App Center (I had to filter by Debian packages rather than by Snap packages in the App Center to see Calibre packages as there isn't a Snap package for the software). But when I checked to see if that was the latest version on the Calibre website, I found the latest version is 8.16.2. Also, the Calibre Download for Linux page states "Please do not use your distribution provided calibre package, as those are often buggy/outdated. Instead use the Binary install described below." So I uninstalled the version I installed and then reinstalled the software using the command provided on that Calibre webpage, sudo -v && wget -nv -O- https://download.calibre-ebook.com/linux-installer.sh | sudo sh /dev/stdin - a command that can be run on any version of Linux.

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