[/home] permanent link

Image 1 at full scale

Image 1 at 75% scale

Note: The image above is a photo of Robert H. Goddard with an A-series rocket circa 1935

Related articles:

Automatically resizing an image for mobile devices

[/network/web/html/css] permanent link

[/os/windows/software/audio-video/WMP] permanent link

[/os/windows/network] permanent link

Minecraft uses .jar files for mods and if you wish to view the models (.json files), textures (.png files) within a JAR file used by Minecraft, you can use the jar xf filename.jar command to see those. If you copy the .jar file to a directory where you wish to extract its contents and then run the command from the directory in which the .jar file is located, you should see a directory named assets appear beneath which you can find blockstates, lang, models, and textures subdirectories. The .json files files, such as those you may see in a models/block subdirectory are JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) files, which you can view or edit in a text editor, such as the Windows Notepad application. The .png files, which you may see in a textures subdirectory are Portable Network Graphics (PNG) files, which you can view or edit in graphics applications such as Microsoft Paint on Microsoft Windows systems. You can also use a tool such as Blockbench to work with the JSON model files and PNG images.

[/os/windows/software/games/minecraft] permanent link

To change the name of a Cisco network switch, you can use the command hostname newHostname where newHostname is the new name you wish to apply to the switch. To make the change permanent so the new name is still in place after a reboot, you can follow the command with the write memory command.

Switch>
Switch>enable
Password:
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname Styx
Styx(config)#end
Styx#
*Sep 23 01:14:23.917: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Styx#write memory
Building configuration...
[OK]
Styx#

[/hardware/network/switch/cisco] permanent link

For a Cisco network switch, to change the default gateway address, i.e., to specify the IP address of a router that the switch will use, enter privileged EXEC mode with the enable command, then enter configuration mode with the command configure terminal and then set the default gateway address with the command ip default-gateway gatewayIPAddress where gatewayIPAddress is the address for the router you wish the switch to use. Then exit configuration mode with the end command. To make the change permanent, so that it will persist after a reboot of the switch, enter the command write memory.

Switch>enable
Password:
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.1.1
Switch(config)#end
Sep 23 01:26:53.415: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
Switch#write memory
Building configuration...
[OK]
Switch#

You can view the default gateway address with the command show ip default-gateway.

Switch>show ip default-gateway
192.168.1.1
Switch>

[/hardware/network/switch/cisco] permanent link

If you open a command prompt window and issue the command netstat -anp udp and pipe the output into the find, you should also see the system is listening on all network interfaces, i.e., 0.0.0.0, on UDP port 69.

C:\Users\Public\Downloads>netstat -anp udp | find "0.0.0.0:69"
  UDP    0.0.0.0:69             *:*

C:\Users\Public\Downloads>

The installation program also installs a TFTP service, which is set to run automatically when Windows boots; you can see information on the service if you open Services and scroll through the list of services on the system — you can open a Services window by typing services.msc at a command prompt window and hitting Enter.

[ More Info ]

[/network/tftp] permanent link

[/editors/vi] permanent link

When you open the program, type d to have the program send a DHCP discover packet, which should result in responses from DHCP servers on the LAN. You can type Ctrl-C or q to quit the program.

[ More Info ]

[/network/dhcp] permanent link

[/network/email/clients/mutt] permanent link

[/os/windows/utilities] permanent link

To install Private Internet Access (PIA) Virtual Private Network (VPN) software on an Ubuntu Linux system, download the .run file from Download the Best VPN for Linux in 2024 — Set Up in Minutes. Change the permissions on the file with the chmod command to make it executable then execute the .run file.

$ chmod +x pia-linux-3.5.7-08120.run 
$ ./pia-linux-3.5.7-08120.run 
Verifying archive integrity...  100%   MD5 checksums are OK. All good.
Uncompressing Private Internet Access  100%  

=================================
Private Internet Access Installer
=================================

Installing PIA for x86_64, system is x86_64
[sudo] password for jim: 
✔ Added group piavpn
✔ Added group piahnsd
✔ Copied Private Internet Access files
✔ Allow non-root /opt/piavpn/bin/pia-unbound to bind to privileged ports
✔ Created var folder
✔ Installed icon
✔ Created desktop entry
✔ Set wgpia interface to be unmanaged
✔ Created piavpn service
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/piavpn.service → /etc/systemd/system/piavpn.service.
✔ Started piavpn service
$

You will then see a window where you can establish a VPN connection or take a tour of the software.

[/network/vpn] permanent link

Or you can just hit Ctrl-L, i.e., the Ctrl and L keys simultaneously, to bring up the option to select the language for the audio associated with the video.

The menu that appears that allows you to pick a language also allows you to choose a subtitle file, such as a .srt file, if you have one for the video.

[/software/audio_video/WMP] permanent link

[/software/office] permanent link

If you have a Portable Document Format (PDF) file and wish to determine the version of the PDF standard used for the document, that information is stored in the first line of the file. You can open the file with a text editor, such as the Windows Notepad application on a Microsoft Windows system and view the first line to determine the PDF version used for the file. You will see %PDF-x.y where x.y is the version of the PDF standard used in the creation of the file, e.g., %PDF-1.7 for version 1.7.

On a Microsoft Windows system, you could also open a PowerShell window (you can type PowerShell in the Windows Search field and click on the application when you see it returned in the list of results) and use the Get-Content cmdlet and the -First parameter followed by the number one. E.g.:

PS C:\> Get-Content "July 2024 Newsletter.pdf" -First 1
%PDF-1.7
PS C:\>

Related:

1. PowerShell Get-Content equivalents to Linux head and tail commands
   Date: March 22, 2024

[/os/windows/PowerShell] permanent link

I added two Western Digital 10 TB hard disk drives to a Windows 11 system. I wanted to have the second hard disk drive (HDD) mirror the first, which is a Redundant Array of Independent Disks 1 (RAID 1) configuration. You can configure Windows to mirror the drives using the Disk Management utility that comes with the Microsoft Windows operating system. To run the utility, you can open a command prompt with administrator privileges and then type diskmgmt.msc and hit Enter. You will then see a window showing all the drives attached to the system. In this case, the new 10 TB drives are shown as "unallocated", since they have not been partitioned and formatted yet.

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows] permanent link

1. Open a terminal window.
2. In the terminal window, issue the command sudo apt-get install openssh-server.
3. Enable and start the ssh server service by issuing the command sudo systemctl enable ssh --now. If you wish to enable the service, but not start it immediately, you can omit the --now at the end of the command, i.e., you can use sudo systemctl enable ssh and then later issue the command sudo systemctl start ssh to start the service.

[ More Info ]

[/os/unix/linux/ubuntu] permanent link

If you wish to view information for a package installed on an Ubuntu Linux system, you can use the command apt show packageName or dpkg -s packageName where packageName is the name of the relevant package. If you are only interested in the version number for a package, you can pipe the output of either command into the grep command.

$ apt show net-tools
Package: net-tools
Version: 1.60+git20181103.0eebece-1ubuntu5
Priority: optional
Section: net
Origin: Ubuntu
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Original-Maintainer: net-tools Team <team+net-tools@tracker.debian.org>
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Installed-Size: 819 kB
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.34), libselinux1 (>= 3.1~)
Homepage: http://sourceforge.net/projects/net-tools/
Task: ubuntukylin-desktop
Download-Size: 204 kB
APT-Manual-Installed: yes
APT-Sources: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages
Description: NET-3 networking toolkit
 This package includes the important tools for controlling the network
 subsystem of the Linux kernel.  This includes arp, ifconfig, netstat,
 rarp, nameif and route.  Additionally, this package contains utilities
 relating to particular network hardware types (plipconfig, slattach,
 mii-tool) and advanced aspects of IP configuration (iptunnel, ipmaddr).
 .
 In the upstream package 'hostname' and friends are included. Those are
 not installed by this package, since there is a special "hostname*.deb".

$ apt show net-tools | grep "Version:"

WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.

Version: 1.60+git20181103.0eebece-1ubuntu5
$ dpkg -s net-tools
Package: net-tools
Status: install ok installed
Priority: important
Section: net
Installed-Size: 800
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Architecture: amd64
Multi-Arch: foreign
Version: 1.60+git20181103.0eebece-1ubuntu5
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.34), libselinux1 (>= 3.1~)
Description: NET-3 networking toolkit
 This package includes the important tools for controlling the network
 subsystem of the Linux kernel.  This includes arp, ifconfig, netstat,
 rarp, nameif and route.  Additionally, this package contains utilities
 relating to particular network hardware types (plipconfig, slattach,
 mii-tool) and advanced aspects of IP configuration (iptunnel, ipmaddr).
 .
 In the upstream package 'hostname' and friends are included. Those are
 not installed by this package, since there is a special "hostname*.deb".
Homepage: http://sourceforge.net/projects/net-tools/
Original-Maintainer: net-tools Team <team+net-tools@tracker.debian.org>
$ dpkg -s net-tools | grep "Version:"
Version: 1.60+git20181103.0eebece-1ubuntu5
$

Another command that will show you the installed version of a package on a Ubuntu systems is apt-cache policy packageName.

$ apt-cache policy net-tools
net-tools:
  Installed: 1.60+git20181103.0eebece-1ubuntu5
  Candidate: 1.60+git20181103.0eebece-1ubuntu5
  Version table:
 *** 1.60+git20181103.0eebece-1ubuntu5 500
        500 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
$

[/os/unix/linux/ubuntu] permanent link

Microsoft provides a capability to create virtual machines (VMs) within the Windows operating system via Hyper-V. To set up Microsoft's Hyper-V virtualization software on a Windows 11 system so that you can create and use virtual machines on the system, you can type Turn Windows features in the Windows Search field at the bottom of your screen and thn select the Control Panel option to "Turn Windows features on or off" when it is displayed. In the Windows Features window, scroll down until you see Hyper-V. If you click on the plus sign next to its check box, you will see there are two subcomponents, Hyper-V Management Tools and Hyper-V Platform.

• Hyper-V Management Tools - Includes GUI and command-line tools for managing Hyper-V
• Hyper-V Platform - Provides the services that you can use to create and manage virtual machines and their resources

If you check the Hyper-V check box, the two subcomponents will both be turned on. Click on OK when you are done. You will then see "Searching for required files", which should be followed by "Applying changes" and then the completion window where you will be notified that "Windows needs to reboot your PC to finish installing the requested changes." Click on the Restart now button to immediately apply the changes or you can click on Don't restart to apply them at a later reboot of the system.

[ More Info ]

[/software/virtualization/Hyper-V] permanent link

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/software/audio-video] permanent link

If a Microsoft Windows system is running the Microsoft Defender Firewall, firewall software that comes with Microsoft Windows systems, you can check on whether connectivity is allowed on a particular network port from a command-line interface (CLI) using PowerShell. You can determine whether the Windows Firewall is active on a system from a command prompt using the command netsh advfirewall show currentprofile. If the value of "State" is "ON", then the Windows Firewall is active on the system.

C:\>netsh advfirewall show currentprofile

Domain Profile Settings:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
State                                 ON
Firewall Policy                       BlockInbound,AllowOutbound
LocalFirewallRules                    N/A (GPO-store only)
LocalConSecRules                      N/A (GPO-store only)
InboundUserNotification               Enable
RemoteManagement                      Disable
UnicastResponseToMulticast            Enable

Logging:
LogAllowedConnections                 Disable
LogDroppedConnections                 Disable
FileName                              %systemroot%\system32\LogFiles\Firewall\pfirewall.log
MaxFileSize                           4096

Ok.


C:\>

You can check on whether the firewall is permitting connectivity on a particular network port, e.g., TCP port 3389 for the Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), from a PowerShell prompt, which you can obtain by typing powershell in the Windows "Search" field at the bottom of the screen and then clicking on Windows PowerShell when you see it returned by the search function. At the PowerShell prompt, you can issue the command Get-NetFirewallPortFilter | Where-Object { $_.LocalPort -eq 3389 } | Get-NetFirewallRule. If you wished to check on whether firewall connectivity is permitted for some other protocol, substitute the port used by that protocol, e.g., port 22 for Secure Shell (SSH) connections.

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/software/security/firewall] permanent link

When I sat down at a system running the Microsoft Windows 11 operating system on Saturday, I saw a message stating that Microsoft Paint had updated itself automatically. I had at least a dozen Paint windows open where I had posted screenshots over the past week for things I wanted to check later. I had not saved those Paint windows; I had anticipated going through them on Saturday, extracting information I wanted to keep from some images and then closing the windows and saving others. But I found the update had just closed them all without any prompt asking whether I wanted to save them and without saving the images. So I lost all the information from them irretrievably. Certainly, I should have saved the images in those Paint windows or used some other graphics application that automatically saves the contents of windows for that application or at least won't automatically update itself without saving any unsaved work, but I'm still irritated at the mindset of Microsoft developers regarding not caring about the impact to users if users have unsaved content in Microsoft applications, in addition to being irked with myself for not saving the information. I do use Paint a lot for simple graphics tasks, such as cropping and resizing screenshots, and I don't want it updating itself without warning when that may lead to a loss of information I haven't yet saved. You can determine when a Microsoft Store app was last updated and turn off automatic updates for apps obtained from the Microsoft Store, though you have to turn off the auto update feature for all apps, since there is not a way to do it only for a particular app, such as Paint.

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/software/graphics/mspaint] permanent link

The PowerShell cmdlet Get-FileHash provides a cryptographic hash function that will allow you to determine a hash value of a file on a Microsoft Windows system. By default, the cmdlet uses the SHA-256 hash function, but you can specify other functions, such as MD5, using the -Algorithm parameter. You can change the output to a list format by piping the output of the cmdlet to Format-List.

PS C:\users\public\downloads> Get-FileHash ".\rel_x64_Xming-7-7-1-1-setup.exe"

Algorithm       Hash                                                                   Path
---------       ----                                                                   ----
SHA256          B7B4C0A191E315686A2481DCC8BBB27D6D7A156FBF689768E48CF08207B86560       C:\users\public\downloads\rel...


PS C:\users\public\downloads> Get-FileHash ".\rel_x64_Xming-7-7-1-1-setup.exe" | Format-List


Algorithm : SHA256
Hash      : B7B4C0A191E315686A2481DCC8BBB27D6D7A156FBF689768E48CF08207B86560
Path      : C:\users\public\downloads\rel_x64_Xming-7-7-1-1-setup.exe



PS C:\users\public\downloads> Get-FileHash -Algorithm MD5 ".\rel_x64_Xming-7-7-1-1-setup.exe"

Algorithm       Hash                                                                   Path
---------       ----                                                                   ----
MD5             BA200636A596A84E0877901CE89D1C2E                                       C:\users\public\downloads\rel...


PS C:\users\public\downloads>

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/PowerShell] permanent link

The message included the following text:

This email confirms that your subscription has been renewed for another 1 year with Norton Life-Lock for $399.00 on April 11^th,2024.

This subscription will Auto-Renew every year unless you turn it OFF. No later than 24 hour before the end of the subscription period.

To cancel this subscription, Call: +1(844)962-1087

An online search of the 844-962-1087 number showed it is not a number associated with Norton LifeLock, a clear indication that the email was a scam where the scammer attempts to get people to call a number to cancel an expensive "subscription" for a well-known product or company. I assume those who call the number will be asked to provide their credit or debit card information, so someone pretending to be a customer service representative for the company can supposedly look up the account information to "cancel" the subscription. If credit card information is provided, the scammer can then use it for fraudulent charges or sell the information to others. Another indicator that a message such as this is fraudulent is poor English. E.g., "...unless you turn if OFF. No later than 24 hour before the end of the subscription period." Proper English would be "...unless you turn it OFF no later than 24 hours before the end of the subscription period." I.e., there should not be a period before "No later" and "hours" should be used rather than "hour." Another indication that the email is a fraud attempt in this case is that the sender hyphenated the product name, i.e., "Life-Lock" whereas if you go to the Norton website and look at their consumer products or visit the NortonLifeLock website, you can see that the name of the product is listed as "LifeLock" not "Life-Lock." The Wikipedia LifeLock page also shows the product name is not hyphenated. Such phishing emails purporting to be notifications of upcoming charges for NortonLifeLock have been prevalent for years — the NortonLifeLock website has a January 11, 2022 article " Keep an eye out for Norton email scams" warning people about such attempts and showing similar scam messages regarding their product.

Unfortunately, such scams can deceive enough people to make sending such messages profitable for scammers. People anxious to avoid a charge of several hundred dollars for a product they may not even be using may call the number and provide credit/debit card or banking information that the scammer may use to fraudulently charge their credit or debit card or steal money from a banking account.

[/security/phishing] permanent link

If the LG TV is visible to other devices on the network, such as the PC, you should see it within "Media Devices" under "Network" in the Windows File Explorer.

If you have an MPEG-4 (.mp4) or Audio Video Interleave (.avi) file on the PC, you can right-click on video file, then choose "Show more options," and then choose "Cast to Device" at which point you should see the LG TV as a device to which you can stream the video.

[ More Info ]

[/video/lgtv] permanent link

For a mail server running Sendmail email server software, if you wish to block email from a particular "from" address to any email address on the server, you can include the address you wish to block in the /etc/mail/access file. E.g., if you wished to block email from the address spammer@example.com, you can include the following line in that file:

# Block envelope "from" address of spammers
spammer@example.com                     REJECT

Any line beginning with a # is treated as a comment, so the first line above isn't needed, but adding a comment line may help you recognize why the reject statement is in the file. After you have added the line, you need to regenerate the /etc/mail/access.db file, or create a new one if there isn't already one present, using the command shown below (you don't need to restart sendmail):

# makemap hash /etc/mail/access </etc/mail/access
#

This will only work if you have a FEATURE(`access_db')dnl line in /etc/mail/sendmail.mc. E.g., a line like the one below:

FEATURE(`access_db', `hash -T<TMPF> -o /etc/mail/access.db')dnl

If you don't have such a line, you will need to add it. If the line begins with dnl, you will need to remove the dnl at the beginning of the line, since that "comments out" the line.

[ More Info ]

[/network/email/sendmail] permanent link

From a command prompt on a Microsoft Windows system, you can obtain details on the network configuration by issuing the command ipconfig or ipconfig /all, if you wish to see more details. If you are only interested in a specific value or values, though, you can pipe the output of the command to the findstr command. If you wish to see multiple values, e.g., the subnet mask and the default gateway address, you can put text associated with both values, separated by a space, within double quotes. Findstr will treat the space between strings as instructing it to perform a logical OR operation, i.e., it will find any lines that contain either of the strings. Findstr uses a case sensitive search, so you need to either match the case of the text or use the /i option with findstr, which instructs it to ignore the case of text and perform a case insensitive search.

C:\>ipconfig | findstr "Mask Gateway"
   Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.224
   Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1

C:\>ipconfig | findstr "mask gateway"

C:\>ipconfig /all | findstr /i "mask gateway"
   Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.224
   Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 192.168.1.1

C:\>

You can also use a Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) command to obtain the same information.

C:\>wmic nicconfig get defaultIPGateway, IPSubnet
DefaultIPGateway  IPSubnet

{"192.168.1.1"}   {"255.255.255.224", "64"}












C:\>

[/os/windows/commands] permanent link

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/network/ssh/putty] permanent link

[ More Info ]

[/video] permanent link

line 1
line 2
line 3
line 4
line 5
line 6
line 7
line 8
line 9
line 10

The following Get-Content commands could be used to obtain the first 5 and the last 5 lines in the file.

PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents> Get-Content somefile.txt -Head 5
line 1
line 2
line 3
line 4
line 5
PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents> Get-Content somefile.txt -Tail 5
line 6
line 7
line 8
line 9
line 10
PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents> Get-Content somefile.txt -TotalCount 5
line 1
line 2
line 3
line 4
line 5
C:\Users\Arnold\Documents>

The TotalCount parameter can function like the Head parameter and will return the first x number of lines specified with x being 5 in the example above. You can also use it to obtain a specific line, though. E.g., if you wished to see the 7th line in the file, you could use the command below.

PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents> (Get-Content Somefile.txt -TotalCount 7)[-1]
line 7
PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents>

By default the delimiter for lines is the newline, aka end-of-line character, \n, but you can change that with the -Delimiter parameter.

References:

1. Get-Content
   Microsoft Learn

[/os/windows/PowerShell] permanent link

You can also find the value by checking the Windows Registry, which you can view or edit by using the Registry Editor program that comes with Microsoft Windows. You can find the value by navigating to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Excel\Options and checking the value for AutoRecoverTime.

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/registry] permanent link

Some of the documents listed may have been saved by the user without any subsequent changes being made and will have "Version created last time the user saved the file" beneath the file name as shown above.

[ More Info ]

[/software/office/excel] permanent link

If you want to determine the model number of an optical drive, such as a CD or DVD drive, in a system running a Microsoft Windows operating system from a command-line interface (CLI), you can open a command prompt window and issue a Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) command: wmic cdrom get name (the value for caption may return the same information). E.g.:

C:\>wmic cdrom get name
Name
HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM DU90N


C:\>wmic cdrom get caption
Caption
HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM DU90N


C:\>

If you wish to determine whether media, such as a CD or DVD, is in the drive, you can use the command wmic cdrom get medialoaded. If there is no disc in the drive, the value for MediaLoaded will be FALSE. If there is a disc in the drive, the value will be true as in the example below where there is a CD in the drive.

C:\>wmic cdrom get medialoaded
MediaLoaded
TRUE


C:\>

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/commands/wmic] permanent link

Sandboxie is a free and open-source program that runs on systems using the Microsoft Windows operating system that allows you to run other programs in a secure sandbox. If you wish to run programs in Sandboxie without the programs having administrative rights, even if you are running Sandboxie from an account that is in the system's administrator group, you can do so by editing the Sandboxie configuration file, Sandboxie.ini. The file will usually be in the C:\Windows folder on most systems running a Microsoft Windows operating system. Sandboxie will first look for its configuration file in C:\Windows, but if it doesn't find the file there, it will then look in the Sandboxie installation folder, which will usually be C:\Program Files\Sandboxie or C:\Program Files\Sandboxie-Plus. When it finds an instance of the file, it will not check other locations. There is a DropAdminRights setting that can be used in the file. If you set the value to y for a sandbox, then any programs running in the sandbox will have administrative rights stripped from them, i.e,. the security credentials used to start the sandbox won't include membership in the Administrators and Power Users groups. If you are running Sandboxie from an account that is not an administrator account, then the setting won't have any effect.

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/software/security/sandboxie] permanent link

If you need to determine the horizontal and vertical video resolution of the system you are working on from a command-line interface (CLI) on a Microsoft Windows systeem, you can open a PowerShell window (you can type PowerShell in the Windows "search" field and click on PowerShell when you see it in the returned results) and issue the Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) command Get-WmiObject win32_videocontroller | select caption, CurrentHorizontalResolution, CurrentVerticalResolution.

PS C:\> Get-WmiObject win32_videocontroller | select caption, CurrentHorizontalResolution, CurrentVerticalResolution

caption             CurrentHorizontalResolution CurrentVerticalResolution
-------             --------------------------- -------------------------
NVIDIA Quadro K2000                        2560                      1440


PS C:\>

If you need to determine the resolution on another system in the same Windows domain on the local area network (LAN), you can add -ComputerName followed by the name of the computer to the command as shown below.

PS C:\> Get-WmiObject -ComputerName apollo win32_videocontroller | select caption, CurrentHorizontalResolution, CurrentVerticalResolution

caption                         CurrentHorizontalResolution CurrentVerticalResolution
-------                         --------------------------- -------------------------
Microsoft Basic Display Adapter                        1024                       768


PS C:\>

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/commands/wmic] permanent link

A user reported the sound from a Linux CentOS server was loud. I thought the noise was likely from a fan in the system. The lm_sensors package provides the capability to check central processing unit (CPU) temperatures and fan speeds for systems running a Linux operating system. I first checked to see if the package was installed and found it was installed.

$ rpm -qi lm_sensors
Name        : lm_sensors
Version     : 3.3.4
Release     : 11.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Sat 15 Oct 2016 12:14:14 PM EDT
Group       : Applications/System
Size        : 418761
License     : LGPLv2+ and GPLv3+ and GPLv2+ and Verbatim and Public domain
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Sat 14 Mar 2015 04:15:54 AM EDT, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM  : lm_sensors-3.3.4-11.el7.src.rpm
Build Date  : Thu 05 Mar 2015 10:48:12 PM EST
Build Host  : worker1.bsys.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor      : CentOS
URL         : http://www.lm-sensors.org/
Summary     : Hardware monitoring tools
Description :
The lm_sensors package includes a collection of modules for general SMBus
access and hardware monitoring.
$

I then ran the sensors command to view the CPU temperature and fan speeds. The CPU and motherboard (MB) temperatures were high and the output showed 0 RPM for the chassis fan speed, indicating either there was no sensor monitoring its speed or it had stopped rotating.

$ sensors
atk0110-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
Vcore Voltage:      +1.28 V  (min =  +0.85 V, max =  +1.60 V)
 +3.3 Voltage:      +3.36 V  (min =  +2.97 V, max =  +3.63 V)
 +5 Voltage:        +5.17 V  (min =  +4.50 V, max =  +5.50 V)
 +12 Voltage:      +12.41 V  (min = +10.20 V, max = +13.80 V)
CPU FAN Speed:     2518 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max = 7200 RPM)
CHASSIS FAN Speed:    0 RPM  (min =  800 RPM, max = 7200 RPM)
CPU Temperature:    +79.5°C  (high = +60.0°C, crit = +95.0°C)
MB Temperature:     +61.0°C  (high = +45.0°C, crit = +95.0°C)

$

References:

1. How to find fan speed in Linux for CPU and GPU
   By: Vivek Gite
   Last updated: February 11, 2021
   nixCraft

[/os/unix/linux/utilities] permanent link

Scroll down to the bottom of that message where you will find a Sign-in button, then click on it to sign into a Microsoft account.

You will then have an opportunity to describe the image you would like to create using Cocreator.

[ More Info ]

[/graphics/AI] permanent link

SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/support.moonpoint.com-0001/cert.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/support.moonpoint.com-0001/privkey.pem
Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/support.moonpoint.com-0001/chain.pem

When I checked the expiration of that security certificate, I saw it was valid until May 17.

# openssl x509 -enddate -noout -in /etc/letsencrypt/live/support.moonpoint.com-0001/cert.pem
notAfter=May 17 04:02:51 2024 GMT
#

You can determine the location of the .pem file used by Dovecot by looking for the ssl_cert variable in /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf.

[ More Info ]

[/network/email/dovecot] permanent link

When you first run the program, you will see a My Devices window displaying the Western Digital drives the software has found, both USB-attached and internal disk drives. Other storage media will be shown under Other Devices.

Click on the Western Digital drive you wish to check on to see details on that drive including disk space used, disk space available, and disk space capacity as well as the interface speed, drive temperature, health, and performance information.

[ More Info ]

[/pc/hardware/hdd] permanent link

The Disk Management utility that comes with Microsoft Windows operating systems can be used to view details of drives and partitions in the system and attached to the system via USB. To start the utility, you can type diskmgmt.msc in the Windows search field, which you can access by clicking on the magnifying glass icon at the bottom of the screen on a Windows 11 system or by typing diskmgmt.msc in the Type here to search field on a Windows 10 system. To use the utility, you must run it as an administrator, so if you are not logged into an administrator account, you need to right-click on the utility when you see it returned in the search results and choose "Run as administrator".

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/utilities/diskmgmt] permanent link

Many—but not all—live-streamed programs are recorded. We understand it's not always possible to watch a program in real time, and as a courtesy to ticket buyers we are glad to make recordings available within 24 hours after the program has taken place. The recordings can be viewed for up to three days (72 hours) after they become available.

SmithSonian Associates has stated that they don't have sufficient storage space to make the recordings permanently available. If you can't watch the recording within the 3 days it will be available or want to have a permanent copy available for future reference, you can take the steps listed below to download an MP4 file of the recorded presentation.

If you click on the Watch button from your Encores page on the Smithsonian Associates website, you will be taken to a Zoom webpage. You can watch the video from that page, but if you right-click on the video, you will not see any option to save it. So you need to install a browser extension that will enable right-clicks to work on pages where they have been disabled.

Note: the instructions below are specifically for the Brave browser on a Microsoft Windows system, but the procedure for other browsers is likely to be similar.

[ More Info ]

[/video] permanent link

<table style="width: 100%;">

The same is true for specification of the width of <td> table elements. Under HTML 4, the following was ok:

<td width="33%" align="left">

In the above HTML code, the cell width could be specified as 33% of the table width and text in a cell could be left-aligned with align="left". Under HTML 5, though, both specifications are considered obsolete and the following should be used, instead:

<td style="width:33%; text-align:left;">

If you need to center the text, you can use text-align:center, instead. If you wish to vertically align an element in a table cell, such as text or an image, in HTML 4 you could use the following:

<td valign="top">March 12</td>

In HTML 5, you can use the following instead of the above deprecated use of valign:

<td style="vertical-align: top;">March 12</td>

[ More Info ]

[/network/web/html/css] permanent link

You can obtain information on the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a system running a Microsoft Windows operating system (OS) using Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) commands. To see the value of all parameters, open a command prompt window and issue the command wmic /namespace:\\root\cimv2 path win32_processor get /format:list (using the /format option, you can see the information in a more readable fashion).

C:\>wmic /namespace:\\root\cimv2 path win32_processor get /format:list


AddressWidth=64
Architecture=9
AssetTag=UNKNOWN
Availability=3
Caption=Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4
Characteristics=252
ConfigManagerErrorCode=
ConfigManagerUserConfig=
CpuStatus=1
CreationClassName=Win32_Processor
CurrentClockSpeed=2195
CurrentVoltage=16
DataWidth=64
Description=Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4
DeviceID=CPU0
ErrorCleared=
ErrorDescription=
ExtClock=100
Family=179
InstallDate=
L2CacheSize=14336
L2CacheSpeed=
L3CacheSize=19712
L3CacheSpeed=0
LastErrorCode=
Level=6
LoadPercentage=3
Manufacturer=GenuineIntel
MaxClockSpeed=2195
Name=Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5120 CPU @ 2.20GHz
NumberOfCores=14
NumberOfEnabledCore=14
NumberOfLogicalProcessors=28
OtherFamilyDescription=
PartNumber=
PNPDeviceID=
PowerManagementCapabilities=
PowerManagementSupported=FALSE
ProcessorId=BFEBFBFF00050654
ProcessorType=3
Revision=21764
Role=CPU
SecondLevelAddressTranslationExtensions=TRUE
SerialNumber=
SocketDesignation=CPU0
Status=OK
StatusInfo=3
Stepping=
SystemCreationClassName=Win32_ComputerSystem
SystemName=MUNICH
ThreadCount=28
UniqueId=
UpgradeMethod=1
Version=
VirtualizationFirmwareEnabled=TRUE
VMMonitorModeExtensions=TRUE
VoltageCaps=




C:\>

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/commands/wmic] permanent link

I checked the status of drives attached to the system by opening a command prompt window and issuing a Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) command, but the results indicated all of the drives were OK.

C:\>wmic diskdrive get status, size, model
Model                            Size           Status
DELL PERC S150 SCSI Disk Device  999642954240   OK
WD Elements SE 2622 USB Device   1000169372160  OK
PNY USB 2.0 FD USB Device        62018611200    OK


C:>

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/utilities/sysmgmt] permanent link

You can still access the results of a scan in such cases, though, because when you exit from viewing the scan results, the program automatically appends the results to C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\log\ClamScanLog.txt. The ProgamData directory is a hidden directory that you won't see in the Windows File Explorer unless you have configured it to display hidden files and folders. You can see the directory is present if you open a command prompt window and issue the command dir /ah — the "/ah" tells the dir command to display files and folders with the attribute "hidden." E.g.:

C:\>dir /ah
 Volume in drive C is OS
 Volume Serial Number is 4445-F6ED

 Directory of C:\

08/21/2022  07:38 PM    <DIR>          $Recycle.Bin
07/08/2017  03:45 PM    <DIR>          $Windows.~WS
02/14/2024  10:43 AM    <DIR>          $WinREAgent
10/30/2015  02:18 AM                 1 BOOTNXT
08/21/2022  01:01 PM               112 bootTel.dat
02/28/2024  03:54 PM    <DIR>          Config.Msi
11/04/2011  01:20 AM            30,425 dell.sdr
07/14/2009  12:08 AM    <JUNCTION>     Documents and Settings [C:\Users]
03/03/2024  11:51 PM             8,192 DumpStack.log.tmp
03/04/2024  03:51 PM     6,373,736,448 hiberfil.sys
01/30/2012  09:36 PM    <DIR>          MSOCache
03/03/2024  11:51 PM     8,589,934,592 pagefile.sys
03/03/2024  09:48 AM    <DIR>          ProgramData
10/11/2023  09:00 AM    <DIR>          Recovery
03/03/2024  11:51 PM       268,435,456 swapfile.sys
01/28/2012  08:26 PM    <DIR>          System Recovery
03/04/2024  08:00 PM    <DIR>          System Volume Information
               7 File(s) 15,232,145,226 bytes
              10 Dir(s)  795,701,448,704 bytes free

C:\>>

Though the log file containing scan results is beneath a hidden directory, you can access it from a text editor such as Windows Notepad by typing in the directory path and file name, i.e., C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\log\ClamScanLog.txt when you choose Open to open a file, or you could open it from a command prompt window as shown below.

C:\&>notepad C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\log\ClamScanLog.txt

C:\&>

The ClamScanLog.txt file will contain the results of all scans run on the system, unless it was edited to remove prior results, with the results of the latest scan at the bottom of the file.

[/security/antivirus/clamav] permanent link

L22011=192.168.0.11:22,L33018=192.168.0.18:33018

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/network/ssh/putty] permanent link

[/os/windows/office/word] permanent link