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line 1
line 2
line 3
line 4
line 5
line 6
line 7
line 8
line 9
line 10

The following Get-Content commands could be used to obtain the first 5 and the last 5 lines in the file.

PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents> Get-Content somefile.txt -Head 5
line 1
line 2
line 3
line 4
line 5
PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents> Get-Content somefile.txt -Tail 5
line 6
line 7
line 8
line 9
line 10
PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents> Get-Content somefile.txt -TotalCount 5
line 1
line 2
line 3
line 4
line 5
C:\Users\Arnold\Documents>

The TotalCount parameter can function like the Head parameter and will return the first x number of lines specified with x being 5 in the example above. You can also use it to obtain a specific line, though. E.g., if you wished to see the 7th line in the file, you could use the command below.

PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents> (Get-Content Somefile.txt -TotalCount 7)[-1]
line 7
PS C:\Users\Arnold\Documents>

By default the delimiter for lines is the newline, aka end-of-line character, \n, but you can change that with the -Delimiter parameter.

References:

1. Get-Content
   Microsoft Learn

[/os/windows/PowerShell] permanent link

You can also find the value by checking the Windows Registry, which you can view or edit by using the Registry Editor program that comes with Microsoft Windows. You can find the value by navigating to HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Software\Microsoft\Office\16.0\Excel\Options and checking the value for AutoRecoverTime.

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[/os/windows/registry] permanent link

Some of the documents listed may have been saved by the user without any subsequent changes being made and will have "Version created last time the user saved the file" beneath the file name as shown above.

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If you want to determine the model number of an optical drive, such as a CD or DVD drive, in a system running a Microsoft Windows operating system from a command-line interface (CLI), you can open a command prompt window and issue a Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) command: wmic cdrom get name (the value for caption may return the same information). E.g.:

C:\>wmic cdrom get name
Name
HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM DU90N


C:\>wmic cdrom get caption
Caption
HL-DT-ST DVD-ROM DU90N


C:\>

If you wish to determine whether media, such as a CD or DVD, is in the drive, you can use the command wmic cdrom get medialoaded. If there is no disc in the drive, the value for MediaLoaded will be FALSE. If there is a disc in the drive, the value will be true as in the example below where there is a CD in the drive.

C:\>wmic cdrom get medialoaded
MediaLoaded
TRUE


C:\>

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/commands/wmic] permanent link

Sandboxie is a free and open-source program that runs on systems using the Microsoft Windows operating system that allows you to run other programs in a secure sandbox. If you wish to run programs in Sandboxie without the programs having administrative rights, even if you are running Sandboxie from an account that is in the system's administrator group, you can do so by editing the Sandboxie configuration file, Sandboxie.ini. The file will usually be in the C:\Windows folder on most systems running a Microsoft Windows operating system. Sandboxie will first look for its configuration file in C:\Windows, but if it doesn't find the file there, it will then look in the Sandboxie installation folder, which will usually be C:\Program Files\Sandboxie or C:\Program Files\Sandboxie-Plus. When it finds an instance of the file, it will not check other locations. There is a DropAdminRights setting that can be used in the file. If you set the value to y for a sandbox, then any programs running in the sandbox will have administrative rights stripped from them, i.e,. the security credentials used to start the sandbox won't include membership in the Administrators and Power Users groups. If you are running Sandboxie from an account that is not an administrator account, then the setting won't have any effect.

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[/os/windows/software/security/sandboxie] permanent link

If you need to determine the horizontal and vertical video resolution of the system you are working on from a command-line interface (CLI) on a Microsoft Windows systeem, you can open a PowerShell window (you can type PowerShell in the Windows "search" field and click on PowerShell when you see it in the returned results) and issue the Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) command Get-WmiObject win32_videocontroller | select caption, CurrentHorizontalResolution, CurrentVerticalResolution.

PS C:\> Get-WmiObject win32_videocontroller | select caption, CurrentHorizontalResolution, CurrentVerticalResolution

caption             CurrentHorizontalResolution CurrentVerticalResolution
-------             --------------------------- -------------------------
NVIDIA Quadro K2000                        2560                      1440


PS C:\>

If you need to determine the resolution on another system in the same Windows domain on the local area network (LAN), you can add -ComputerName followed by the name of the computer to the command as shown below.

PS C:\> Get-WmiObject -ComputerName apollo win32_videocontroller | select caption, CurrentHorizontalResolution, CurrentVerticalResolution

caption                         CurrentHorizontalResolution CurrentVerticalResolution
-------                         --------------------------- -------------------------
Microsoft Basic Display Adapter                        1024                       768


PS C:\>

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[/os/windows/commands/wmic] permanent link

A user reported the sound from a Linux CentOS server was loud. I thought the noise was likely from a fan in the system. The lm_sensors package provides the capability to check central processing unit (CPU) temperatures and fan speeds for systems running a Linux operating system. I first checked to see if the package was installed and found it was installed.

$ rpm -qi lm_sensors
Name        : lm_sensors
Version     : 3.3.4
Release     : 11.el7
Architecture: x86_64
Install Date: Sat 15 Oct 2016 12:14:14 PM EDT
Group       : Applications/System
Size        : 418761
License     : LGPLv2+ and GPLv3+ and GPLv2+ and Verbatim and Public domain
Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Sat 14 Mar 2015 04:15:54 AM EDT, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
Source RPM  : lm_sensors-3.3.4-11.el7.src.rpm
Build Date  : Thu 05 Mar 2015 10:48:12 PM EST
Build Host  : worker1.bsys.centos.org
Relocations : (not relocatable)
Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
Vendor      : CentOS
URL         : http://www.lm-sensors.org/
Summary     : Hardware monitoring tools
Description :
The lm_sensors package includes a collection of modules for general SMBus
access and hardware monitoring.
$

I then ran the sensors command to view the CPU temperature and fan speeds. The CPU and motherboard (MB) temperatures were high and the output showed 0 RPM for the chassis fan speed, indicating either there was no sensor monitoring its speed or it had stopped rotating.

$ sensors
atk0110-acpi-0
Adapter: ACPI interface
Vcore Voltage:      +1.28 V  (min =  +0.85 V, max =  +1.60 V)
 +3.3 Voltage:      +3.36 V  (min =  +2.97 V, max =  +3.63 V)
 +5 Voltage:        +5.17 V  (min =  +4.50 V, max =  +5.50 V)
 +12 Voltage:      +12.41 V  (min = +10.20 V, max = +13.80 V)
CPU FAN Speed:     2518 RPM  (min =    0 RPM, max = 7200 RPM)
CHASSIS FAN Speed:    0 RPM  (min =  800 RPM, max = 7200 RPM)
CPU Temperature:    +79.5°C  (high = +60.0°C, crit = +95.0°C)
MB Temperature:     +61.0°C  (high = +45.0°C, crit = +95.0°C)

$

References:

1. How to find fan speed in Linux for CPU and GPU
   By: Vivek Gite
   Last updated: February 11, 2021
   nixCraft

[/os/unix/linux/utilities] permanent link

Scroll down to the bottom of that message where you will find a Sign-in button, then click on it to sign into a Microsoft account.

You will then have an opportunity to describe the image you would like to create using Cocreator.

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[/graphics/AI] permanent link

SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/support.moonpoint.com-0001/cert.pem
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/support.moonpoint.com-0001/privkey.pem
Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf
SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/support.moonpoint.com-0001/chain.pem

When I checked the expiration of that security certificate, I saw it was valid until May 17.

# openssl x509 -enddate -noout -in /etc/letsencrypt/live/support.moonpoint.com-0001/cert.pem
notAfter=May 17 04:02:51 2024 GMT
#

You can determine the location of the .pem file used by Dovecot by looking for the ssl_cert variable in /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-ssl.conf.

[ More Info ]

[/network/email/dovecot] permanent link

When you first run the program, you will see a My Devices window displaying the Western Digital drives the software has found, both USB-attached and internal disk drives. Other storage media will be shown under Other Devices.

Click on the Western Digital drive you wish to check on to see details on that drive including disk space used, disk space available, and disk space capacity as well as the interface speed, drive temperature, health, and performance information.

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[/pc/hardware/hdd] permanent link

The Disk Management utility that comes with Microsoft Windows operating systems can be used to view details of drives and partitions in the system and attached to the system via USB. To start the utility, you can type diskmgmt.msc in the Windows search field, which you can access by clicking on the magnifying glass icon at the bottom of the screen on a Windows 11 system or by typing diskmgmt.msc in the Type here to search field on a Windows 10 system. To use the utility, you must run it as an administrator, so if you are not logged into an administrator account, you need to right-click on the utility when you see it returned in the search results and choose "Run as administrator".

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/utilities/diskmgmt] permanent link

Many—but not all—live-streamed programs are recorded. We understand it's not always possible to watch a program in real time, and as a courtesy to ticket buyers we are glad to make recordings available within 24 hours after the program has taken place. The recordings can be viewed for up to three days (72 hours) after they become available.

SmithSonian Associates has stated that they don't have sufficient storage space to make the recordings permanently available. If you can't watch the recording within the 3 days it will be available or want to have a permanent copy available for future reference, you can take the steps listed below to download an MP4 file of the recorded presentation.

If you click on the Watch button from your Encores page on the Smithsonian Associates website, you will be taken to a Zoom webpage. You can watch the video from that page, but if you right-click on the video, you will not see any option to save it. So you need to install a browser extension that will enable right-clicks to work on pages where they have been disabled.

Note: the instructions below are specifically for the Brave browser on a Microsoft Windows system, but the procedure for other browsers is likely to be similar.

[ More Info ]

[/video] permanent link

<table style="width: 100%;">

The same is true for specification of the width of <td> table elements. Under HTML 4, the following was ok:

<td width="33%" align="left">

In the above HTML code, the cell width could be specified as 33% of the table width and text in a cell could be left-aligned with align="left". Under HTML 5, though, both specifications are considered obsolete and the following should be used, instead:

<td style="width:33%; text-align:left;">

If you need to center the text, you can use text-align:center, instead. If you wish to vertically align an element in a table cell, such as text or an image, in HTML 4 you could use the following:

<td valign="top">March 12</td>

In HTML 5, you can use the following instead of the above deprecated use of valign:

<td style="vertical-align: top;">March 12</td>

[ More Info ]

[/network/web/html/css] permanent link

You can obtain information on the Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a system running a Microsoft Windows operating system (OS) using Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) commands. To see the value of all parameters, open a command prompt window and issue the command wmic /namespace:\\root\cimv2 path win32_processor get /format:list (using the /format option, you can see the information in a more readable fashion).

C:\>wmic /namespace:\\root\cimv2 path win32_processor get /format:list


AddressWidth=64
Architecture=9
AssetTag=UNKNOWN
Availability=3
Caption=Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4
Characteristics=252
ConfigManagerErrorCode=
ConfigManagerUserConfig=
CpuStatus=1
CreationClassName=Win32_Processor
CurrentClockSpeed=2195
CurrentVoltage=16
DataWidth=64
Description=Intel64 Family 6 Model 85 Stepping 4
DeviceID=CPU0
ErrorCleared=
ErrorDescription=
ExtClock=100
Family=179
InstallDate=
L2CacheSize=14336
L2CacheSpeed=
L3CacheSize=19712
L3CacheSpeed=0
LastErrorCode=
Level=6
LoadPercentage=3
Manufacturer=GenuineIntel
MaxClockSpeed=2195
Name=Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5120 CPU @ 2.20GHz
NumberOfCores=14
NumberOfEnabledCore=14
NumberOfLogicalProcessors=28
OtherFamilyDescription=
PartNumber=
PNPDeviceID=
PowerManagementCapabilities=
PowerManagementSupported=FALSE
ProcessorId=BFEBFBFF00050654
ProcessorType=3
Revision=21764
Role=CPU
SecondLevelAddressTranslationExtensions=TRUE
SerialNumber=
SocketDesignation=CPU0
Status=OK
StatusInfo=3
Stepping=
SystemCreationClassName=Win32_ComputerSystem
SystemName=MUNICH
ThreadCount=28
UniqueId=
UpgradeMethod=1
Version=
VirtualizationFirmwareEnabled=TRUE
VMMonitorModeExtensions=TRUE
VoltageCaps=




C:\>

[ More Info ]

[/os/windows/commands/wmic] permanent link

I checked the status of drives attached to the system by opening a command prompt window and issuing a Windows Management Instrumentation Command-line (WMIC) command, but the results indicated all of the drives were OK.

C:\>wmic diskdrive get status, size, model
Model                            Size           Status
DELL PERC S150 SCSI Disk Device  999642954240   OK
WD Elements SE 2622 USB Device   1000169372160  OK
PNY USB 2.0 FD USB Device        62018611200    OK


C:>

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[/os/windows/utilities/sysmgmt] permanent link

You can still access the results of a scan in such cases, though, because when you exit from viewing the scan results, the program automatically appends the results to C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\log\ClamScanLog.txt. The ProgamData directory is a hidden directory that you won't see in the Windows File Explorer unless you have configured it to display hidden files and folders. You can see the directory is present if you open a command prompt window and issue the command dir /ah — the "/ah" tells the dir command to display files and folders with the attribute "hidden." E.g.:

C:\>dir /ah
 Volume in drive C is OS
 Volume Serial Number is 4445-F6ED

 Directory of C:\

08/21/2022  07:38 PM    <DIR>          $Recycle.Bin
07/08/2017  03:45 PM    <DIR>          $Windows.~WS
02/14/2024  10:43 AM    <DIR>          $WinREAgent
10/30/2015  02:18 AM                 1 BOOTNXT
08/21/2022  01:01 PM               112 bootTel.dat
02/28/2024  03:54 PM    <DIR>          Config.Msi
11/04/2011  01:20 AM            30,425 dell.sdr
07/14/2009  12:08 AM    <JUNCTION>     Documents and Settings [C:\Users]
03/03/2024  11:51 PM             8,192 DumpStack.log.tmp
03/04/2024  03:51 PM     6,373,736,448 hiberfil.sys
01/30/2012  09:36 PM    <DIR>          MSOCache
03/03/2024  11:51 PM     8,589,934,592 pagefile.sys
03/03/2024  09:48 AM    <DIR>          ProgramData
10/11/2023  09:00 AM    <DIR>          Recovery
03/03/2024  11:51 PM       268,435,456 swapfile.sys
01/28/2012  08:26 PM    <DIR>          System Recovery
03/04/2024  08:00 PM    <DIR>          System Volume Information
               7 File(s) 15,232,145,226 bytes
              10 Dir(s)  795,701,448,704 bytes free

C:\>>

Though the log file containing scan results is beneath a hidden directory, you can access it from a text editor such as Windows Notepad by typing in the directory path and file name, i.e., C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\log\ClamScanLog.txt when you choose Open to open a file, or you could open it from a command prompt window as shown below.

C:\&>notepad C:\ProgramData\.clamwin\log\ClamScanLog.txt

C:\&>

The ClamScanLog.txt file will contain the results of all scans run on the system, unless it was edited to remove prior results, with the results of the latest scan at the bottom of the file.

[/security/antivirus/clamav] permanent link

L22011=192.168.0.11:22,L33018=192.168.0.18:33018

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[/os/windows/network/ssh/putty] permanent link

[/os/windows/office/word] permanent link